\u24d2 Pavel Ilyukhin \/ shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n1.\uc8fc\uc694 \uacb0\uacfc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\ub3c5\uc77c \ud559\uc0dd \uc131\uc801\uc740 \uc77d\uae30 \ub2a5\ub825(498\uc810), \uc218\ud559(500\uc810), \uacfc\ud559(503\uc810)\uc5d0\uc11c OECD \ud3c9\uade0\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub192\ub2e4. <\/strong>\uc774 \uc138 \ubd84\uc57c \uc911 \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 \ub450 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc810\uc218\ub294 \ud638\uc8fc, \ubca8\uae30\uc5d0, \ud504\ub791\uc2a4, \uc544\uc77c\ub79c\ub4dc, \ub274\uc9c8\ub79c\ub4dc, \ub178\ub974\uc6e8\uc774, \uc2ac\ub85c\ubca0\ub2c8\uc544, \uc2a4\uc6e8\ub374, \uccb4\ucf54, \uc601\uad6d, \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \uc131\ucde8\ud55c \uc810\uc218\uc640 \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uc758\ubbf8\ud55c \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc740 \uc5d0\uc2a4\ud1a0\ub2c8\uc544, \ud540\ub780\ub4dc, \ud64d\ucf69(\uc911\uad6d), \uc544\uc77c\ub79c\ub4dc, \uce90\ub098\ub2e4, \ud55c\uad6d, \ub9c8\uce74\uc624(\uc911\uad6d), \ub274\uc9c8\ub79c\ub4dc, \ubca0\uc774\uc9d5-\uc0c1\ud558\uc774-\uc7a5\uc464 \uc800\uc7a5(\uc911\uad6d), \ud3f4\ub780\ub4dc, \uc2f1\uac00\ud3ec\ub974\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc131\uc801\uc774 \ub354 \ub098\uc058\ub2e4. 2018\ub144 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc77d\uae30 \ub2a5\ub825 \uc131\uacfc\ub294 2012\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \ucd08\uae30 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uac1c\uc120\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c 2009\ub144\uacfc \uac70\uc758 \uac19\uc740 \uc218\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ud68c\ubcf5\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uacfc\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 2018\ub144\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc810\uc218\uac00 2006\ub144\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub0ae\uc558\uace0, \uc218\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 PISA 2018\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 PISA 2012\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud604\uc800\ud788 \ub0ae\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \uc5ec\ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 \uc77d\uae30 \ub2a5\ub825 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ub0a8\ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \ub192\uc740 \uc131\uacfc\ub97c \ubcf4\uc774\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \ud3c9\uade0 26\uc810 (OECD \ud3c9\uade0: 30\uc810) \ub354 \ub192\uc740 \uc810\uc218\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uc131\uc801 \uc6b0\uc704\ub294 2009\ub144(40\uc810)\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub0ae\uc558\ub2e4. \uc218\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub3c5\uc77c \uc5ec\ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \ub0a8\ud559\uc0dd\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud3c9\uade0 7\uc810 \uc801\uc740 \uc810\uc218\ub97c \ubc1b\uc544 OECD \ud3c9\uade0(5\uc810)\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \ucef8\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74\uc5d0 \uacfc\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub0a8\ud559\uc0dd\uacfc \uc5ec\ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc218\uc900\uc774 \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 67%<\/strong>\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0b6\uc5d0 \ub9cc\uc871<\/strong>\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ub9d0\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc774\uac83\uc740 OECD <\/strong>\ud3c9\uade0\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ube44\uc728<\/strong>\uc774\ub2e4. \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \uc57d 92%\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \ub54c\ub54c\ub85c \ub610\ub294 \ud56d\uc0c1 \ud589\ubcf5\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc57d 4%\ub294 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uc2ac\ud504\ub2e4\uace0 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uac10\uc815\uc744 \ubb18\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4. 23%\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 \ud55c \ub2ec\uc5d0 \uba87 \ubc88 \ubc18 \uce5c\uad6c\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uad34\ub86d\ud798\uc744 \ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uace0\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n2. \uad50\uc721\uc758 \uae30\ud68c\uade0\ub4f1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud615\ud3c9\uc131<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 2018\ub144 PISA \uc77d\uae30\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd\uc774 \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud3c9\uade0<\/strong> 113<\/strong>\uc810 \ub192\uc740 \uc810\uc218\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4<\/strong>. <\/strong>\uc774 \ub450 \uadf8\ub8f9\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\ub294<\/strong> OECD <\/strong>\ud3c9\uade0<\/strong>(89<\/strong>\uc810<\/strong>)<\/strong>\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ucef8\ub2e4<\/strong>. 2009<\/strong>\ub144<\/strong> 104<\/strong>\uc810<\/strong>(OECD <\/strong>\ud3c9\uade0<\/strong> 87<\/strong>\uc810<\/strong>)<\/strong>\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc57d\uac04 \ub354 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc57d 28%\uac00 2018\ub144 \uc77d\uae30 \ub2a5\ub825 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc5d0\uc11c \ub192\uc740 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4\ub97c \ubcf4\uc600\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774 \ube44\uc728\uc740 \ub2e8\uc9c0 3%<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud588\ub2e4. OECD \uc804\uccb4 \ud3c9\uade0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\ub2f9 \ube44\uc728\uc740 \uac01\uac01 17%\uc640 3%\uc600\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 PISA \ucc38\uc5ec \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ud559\uacfc \uacfc\ud559 \uc131\ucde8\uc758 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uc608\uce21 \ubcc0\uc218<\/strong>\uc774\ub2e4. 2018\ub144 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc218\ud559 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4\uc758 18%(OECD \ud3c9\uade0 14%)\uc640 \uacfc\ud559 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4\uc758 19%(OECD \ud3c9\uade0 13%)\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \ubcc0\uc218\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd \uc911 \uc57d 10%\uac00 \ud559\uc5c5\uc131\ucde8\ub3c4 \ubd84\ud3ec\uc758 \uc0c1\uc704 \uc0ac\ubd84\uc704 \uc548<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc774 \uadf9\ubcf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4<\/strong>. OECD \uc804\uccb4 \ud3c9\uade0, \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 11%\uac00 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \ub098\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77d\uae30 \ub2a5\ub825\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ub192\uc740 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud588\ub2e4. \ub3c5\uc77c\uc740 OECD \ud3c9\uade0\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud2b9\uc815 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \uc800\ud559\ub825, \uace0\ud559\ub825 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc9d1\uc911\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc774\uc720\ub294 \uc131\uc801 \uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc720\ud615\uc758 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \uc870\uae30 \ubc30\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \ud559\uad50 \uc9c0\ub3c4\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 OECD <\/strong>\ud3c9\uade0\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc778\ub825\uacfc \uc124\ube44 \ubd80\uc871\uc744 \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70<\/strong>, <\/strong>\uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \ud559\uad50\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \ud559\uad50\ub4e4\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc778\ub825 \ubd80\uc871\uc5d0 \ub354 \uc790\uc8fc \uc9c1\uba74\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/strong> \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294, \uc57d\uc18c \ud559\uad50 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 70%\uac00 \uad50\uc0ac \ubd80\uc871\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud55c \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \uad50\uc721\uc801 \uce68\ud574\ub97c \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \uace0\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc774\uac83\uc740 \ub2e8\uc9c0 34%\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\ub9cc \ud574\ub2f9\ub41c\ub2e4. OECD \ud3c9\uade0\uc740 \uac01\uac01 34%\uc640 18%\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\ub9ce\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 \ud559\uc5c5 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c \uae30\ub300\ud588\ub358 \uac83\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub35c \uc57c\uc2ec\ucc2c \ubaa9\ud45c\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \ud2b9\ud788 \ubd88\uc6b0\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud574\ub2f9\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/strong> \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4\uac00 \ub192\uace0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 3\ubd84\uc758 2\uac00 \ub098\uc911\uc5d0 \ub300\ud559\uc744 \uc878\uc5c5\ud560 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\ub300\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74, \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4\uac00 \ub192\uace0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \ubc30\uacbd\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 4\ubd84\uc758 1\ub9cc \ub300\ud559 \ud559\uc704\ub97c \uae30\ub300\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/strong> \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098, \ub2e4\ub978 \ub098\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\ud559 \ud559\uc704\ub97c \ud544\uc694\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uc9c1\uc5c5 \uc911 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc9c1\uc5c5\uc740 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uacac\uc2b5\uc0dd \uc9c1\uc5c5\uc774\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub300\ud559 \ud559\uc704\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc57c\uc2ec \ucc2c \uc9c1\uc5c5 \ubaa9\ud45c\ub97c \uac00\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\uae30\ud68c \uade0\ub4f1 \ubc0f \uc774\ubbfc \ubc30\uacbd<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n2018\ub144 \ub3c5\uc77c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 22%\uac00 \uc774\uc8fc \ubc30\uacbd\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/strong> \uc774\ub294 2009\ub144(18%)\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc218\uce58\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4 \uc911 50% \ubbf8\ub9cc\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4. \ub3c5\uc77c\uc740 \uc624\ub79c \uae30\uac04 \uc800\uc219\ub828 \uc774\ubbfc\uc790 \ube44\uc728\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \ubaa9\uc801\uc9c0 \uad6d\uac00\uad70\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/strong> \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\ubbfc \ubc30\uacbd \ucd9c\uc2e0\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \uc774\ubbfc \ubc30\uacbd \ucd9c\uc2e0(1\u00b72\uc138\ub300)\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc77d\uae30 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774 63\uc810 \ub354 \ub192\uc558\ub2e4. \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\ud544\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74, \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4 \ucc28\uc774\ub294 17\uc810\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ubbfc \uac00\uc815 2\uc138 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 1\uc138 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 21\uc810\uc758 \uc131\ucde8 \uc6b0\uc704\ub97c \ubcf4\uc600\ub2e4. \ube44\ub85d \uc774\ubbfc \ubc30\uacbd\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc774 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc77c\ubd80\ub294 \uc6b0\uc218\ud55c \uc218\uc900\uc758 \uc131\uacfc\ub97c \ub2ec\uc131\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\ubbfc\uc790 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc57d 16%\uc758 \uc77d\uae30 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4\uac00 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4 \ubd84\ud3ec\uc758 \uc0c1\uc704 \uc0ac\ubd84\uc704 \uc548\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4. OECD \ud3c9\uade0\uc740 17%\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\ub098\uc758 \uacb0\ub860<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\ub2e4\uc2dc \ucc98\uc74c \uc9c8\ubb38\uc73c\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uac00 \ubcf4\uc790. \ub3c5\uc77c\uc740 \uad50\uc721 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d (\ud639\uc740 \uc774\ubbfc \uac00\uc815\uc758) \uc544\uc774\uc5d0\uac8c \uc720\ud1a0\ud53c\uc544\uc778\uac00? \uc774 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub2f5\ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uc138\uc0c1\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc778\uac04\uc758 \uc0c1\uc0c1\uc774 \ube5a\uc5b4\ub0b8 \uc774\uc0c1\ud5a5, \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \uc720\ud1a0\ud53c\uc544\uc774\ub2e4. \uc55e\uc11c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc558\ub4ef\uc774, \ub3c5\uc77c\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uad50\uc721\uc758 \uc720\ud1a0\ud53c\uc544\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub3c5\uc77c \uc0ac\ud68c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc778\uc885, \ubbfc\uc871\ub4e4\uc758 \ud1b5\ud569 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uac08\ub4f1\uc744 \uacaa\uace0 \uc788\uace0, \ub3c5\uc77c \ud559\uad50\ub294 \uad50\uc6d0\uacfc \uc124\ube44 \ubd80\uc871\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc548\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uac8c\ub2e4\uac00 \uc810\uc810 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\ub294 \ub09c\ubbfc \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uad50\uc721\ub3c4 \ucc45\uc784\uc838\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc5b4\uca4c\uba74 \ud3c9\uac00\uc758 \uc8fc\uccb4, \uad8c\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uadf8\ub4e4 \uc911 \ub204\uad70\uac00\ub294 \uc774\ubbfc \ubc30\uacbd\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc744 \ud658\uc601\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \uad50\ubb18\ud558\uac8c \ucc28\ubcc4\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc5b4\uca4c\uba74 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uc131\ud5a5\uc774 \ub3c5\uc77c \uad50\uc721\uc5d0 \uc801\ud569\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uc5b8\uc5b4\uc640 \uc0dd\uae40\uc0c8, \uc0ac\uace0 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774 \uc804\ud600 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\ud68c\/\ubb38\ud654\uad8c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0b4\uc544\uac04\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740, \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \uc704\ud611\uacfc \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uc77c\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c4\uc0ac\ub9ac\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc9c0\ucf1c\ubcf4\ub294 \uc77c, \uadf8\ub7fc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud06c\ub97c \uae30\uaebc\uc774 \uac10\uc218\ud558\uace0 \uc790\uc2e0\uacfc \uac00\uc871\uc758 \uc874\uc5c4\uc744 \uc9c0\ud0a4\uace0 \uac00\uce58\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ubc1b\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\uc774 \ubc29\ub3c4\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc758 \uc5f0\uc18d\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\ub3c5\uc77c \ud559\uad50\ub294 \ub3c5\uc77c \uc0ac\ud68c\uac00 \uac00\uc9c4 \ud1b5\ud569\uacfc \ud3ec\uc6a9 \uc815\ucc45, \uadf8\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\ub294 \uac08\ub4f1\uacfc \ucc28\ubcc4\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c, \uadf8\uac83\uc758 \uc0dd\uc0dd\ud55c \ubc14\ub85c\ubbf8\ud130\uc774\ub2e4. \ubb34\uc5c7\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc815\ud655\ud558\uace0 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\uc120\uc73c\ub85c \ub3c5\uc77c \uad50\uc721 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc758 \uc7a5\uc810\ubd80\ud130 \ub2e8\uc810\uae4c\uc9c0 \uaff0\ub6ab\uc5b4 \ubcf4\ub824\ub294 \uc790\uc138\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc744 \ubb34\ud55c\uacbd\uc7c1\uc73c\ub85c \ub0b4\ubab0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \ubb38\uc81c \ud478\ub294 \uae30\uacc4\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uc778\uac04\uacfc \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uae4a\uac8c \uc0ac\uace0\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c5\ub824\ud558\ub294 \ub3c5\uc77c \uad50\uc721 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc758 \uc7a5\uc810\uc744 \uc798 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub2e8\uc810\uc744 \uc798 \uc778\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \ub300\ube44\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub3c5\uc77c\uc740 \uad50\uc721\uc758 \uc720\ud1a0\ud53c\uc544\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \uc77c\ub2e8 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ubbff\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uaca0\ub2e4. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uc55e\uc73c\ub85c \uacc4\uc18d \ub3c5\uc77c \uad50\uc721\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \ub4e4\uc5ec\ub2e4\ubcf4\uace0 \uc2f6\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc138 \ubc88\uc758 \uc5f0\uc7ac\ub294 \uadf8 \uccab \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub9ce\uc774 \ubbf8\ud761\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub3c5\uc77c \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc2e4\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \uc54c\ub9ac\ub294\ub370 \uc791\uc740 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uc791\uc131: Claire<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u24d2 \uad6c\ud150\ud0c1\ucf54\ub9ac\uc544(http:\/\/www.gyrocarpus.com<\/a>), \ubb34\ub2e8\uc804\uc7ac \ubc0f \uc7ac\ubc30\ud3ec \uae08\uc9c0<\/p>\n\n\n\n\ucd9c\ucc98: [Title] (oecd.org)<\/a> in Publications – PISA (oecd.org)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment)\ub294 \uacbd\uc81c\ud611\ub825\uac1c\ubc1c\uae30\uad6c (OECD)\uc758 \uad6d\uc81c \ud559\uc5c5\uc131\ucde8\ub3c4 \ud3c9\uac00 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc774\ub2e4. \uc77d\uae30, \uc218\ud559, \uacfc\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c 15\uc138 \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \ud559\uc5c5 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c PISA\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ub294 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 \uad00\uc2ec\uacfc \ub17c\ub780\uc758 \uc911\uc2ec\uc5d0 \uc11c\ub294 \uc774\uc288\uc774\ub2e4. \ub3c5\uc77c \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uad00\ub828 \ubd80\ucc98 \ubc0f \uad6d\ubbfc\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc810\uc810 PISA \uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0 \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \uae30\uc6b8\uc774\ub294 \ucd94\uc138\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \ucd5c\uc2e0 \ubc84\uc804\uc778 PISA 2018 \uad00\ub828 \ub3c5\uc77c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ubc1c\ucdcc\ud558\uc5ec \uc815\ub9ac\ud574 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":79326,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6440,2581,3192,1],"tags":[481,278,539,276],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
[Claire \uce7c\ub7fc] \ub3c5\uc77c \uad50\uc721: PISA 2018 \uacb0\uacfc\ub85c \ubcf8 \ub3c5\uc77c \ud559\uad50\uc758 \ud604\uc7ac \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ub9c8\uc74c\uac00\uc9d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec (3) | \uad6c\ud150\ud0c1 \ucf54\ub9ac\uc544 : \ub3c5\uc77c \ud55c\uc778 \ud3ec\ud0c8 \uc0ac\uc774\ud2b8<\/title>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\n